因为gps是卫星图像，从高处俯视确定方位。
卫星水平和垂直就相当于把地球一点划成一个二维图像（不过图像时三维的）。
水平只要通过地球经纬度确定，不考虑地球的山峦，洼地等。垂直测定距离时，有云层，
地面漫反射等因素影响实际测定距离，就是影响了精度。而水平的话，
这些因素影响是比较小的
*******************************88
因为水平方向的变化要远大于垂直方向的变化，
所以对于高空上的卫星来说，水平方向的运动更容易分辨。
******************************************88
Name Last modified Size Description
Parent Directory -
MD5SUMS 29-Apr-2010 16:38 107
MD5SUMS.gpg 29-Apr-2010 16:38 189
SHA1SUMS 29-Apr-2010 16:39 123
SHA1SUMS.gpg 29-Apr-2010 16:39 189
SHA256SUMS 29-Apr-2010 16:40 171
SHA256SUMS.gpg 29-Apr-2010 16:40 189
lucid-dvd-amd64.iso 29-Apr-2010 16:28 4.1G Install/live DVD for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (standard download)
lucid-dvd-amd64.iso.zsync 29-Apr-2010 16:37 8.2M Install/live DVD for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (standard download)
lucid-dvd-amd64.jigdo 29-Apr-2010 16:28 250K Install/live DVD for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (jigdo download)
lucid-dvd-amd64.list 29-Apr-2010 16:29 176K Install/live DVD for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (file listing)
lucid-dvd-amd64.manifest 29-Apr-2010 16:08 69K Install/live DVD for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (contents of live filesystem)
lucid-dvd-amd64.template 29-Apr-2010 16:28 1.2G Install/live DVD for 64-bit PC (AMD64) computers (jigdo template)
lucid-dvd-i386.iso 29-Apr-2010 16:35 4.1G Install/live DVD for PC (Intel x86) computers (standard download)
lucid-dvd-i386.iso.zsync 29-Apr-2010 16:37 8.1M Install/live DVD for PC (Intel x86) computers (standard download)
lucid-dvd-i386.jigdo 29-Apr-2010 16:35 254K Install/live DVD for PC (Intel x86) computers (jigdo download)
lucid-dvd-i386.list 29-Apr-2010 16:36 178K Install/live DVD for PC (Intel x86) computers (file listing)
lucid-dvd-i386.manifest 29-Apr-2010 15:54 69K Install/live DVD for PC (Intel x86) computers (contents of live filesystem)
lucid-dvd-i386.template 29-Apr-2010 16:35 1.2G Install/live DVD for PC (Intel x86) computers (jigdo template)
report.html 29-Apr-2010 16:36 250
有多少次你因为会议上演讲者呆板的陈述而感到无聊？反之，想想自己的演讲报告，你有多投入，又怎能确定可以吸引你的听众呢？你想表达 的意思真的都传递出去了吗？
下面就介绍六个绝佳方法，让你的陈述更富吸引力。
用PPT来做演讲报告实属普遍，但这真的是表达你自己想法的最好方式吗？用PPT的最大弊端是它将你紧紧束缚住 了——你不得不按着屏幕上写好的来说。听众们看着幻灯片，根本不需要听你在讲什么。大多数用PPT的陈述报告总是有大量的幻灯片，幻灯片上的信息也过多， 这实在枯燥无聊。试着将你的想法压缩成几个点，然后直接表达出来。看着你的听众，对着他们讲话，用少数几张甚至完全不用幻灯片。用你的直接和热情来代替 PPT。
没有什么比激情更能说服人了——所以，对于你的想法持有激情吧。个人经历和强烈的情感总是比干巴巴的事实和数据更能吸引你的听 众。当然，你也可以将你的个人情感赋予数据支持，这样会更好。但是，从你个人开始，你要注意的是怎样将这个经历跟自己产生联系的同时还要跟你听众产生联 系。从个人经历延伸到跟听众的生活与职业息息相关的报告，是有趣而富有力量的，也最能吸引他们的注意。
许多演讲者对讲笑话总是感到害羞，觉得自己的笑话会得不到任何回应，不过这确实值得一试。听众一般会比较欣赏那些愿意去取悦他们的演讲者，而不是那 个在台上做简单陈述的人。仔细选择好你笑话的台词，多排演几次，记个时间，这样你再讲时就能满怀信心了。自嘲性质的笑话总是保险的。开开会场上有名气的几个人的玩笑也是不错的选择，但是之前要先问过他们。 还有，跟种族、性有关或富有攻击性的笑话则要回避。
不使用PPT的另一个好处就是你不用一直待在讲台上，不停地按着鼠标。你可以在讲台上来回走动。当你走动时，一定要直视台下的听众，确保与他们有眼 神接触。这种方式可以传送出的活力和说服力是躲在讲台后怎样也不可能做到的。
许多演讲者在讲话时都很单调——从头到尾一模一样的节奏，一模一样的声量，一模一样的音调。要是你能在演讲过程中变换你的声音，听众们一定更感兴 趣。你的音调一定要丰富而清晰——时而大声时而轻柔都是必要的。有时候，最有力的观点可以用非常轻柔的声音表达出来的，伴随着听众的呼吸声让他们接收。而 一个演讲者最有力的却又常常未被充分利用的武器，就是暂停。适时的运用暂停可以使关键信息达到预期的效果，赋予冲击力且印象持久。
告诉听众他们会听到什么，以及听到内容很重要的原因。比如，“我将给出四个要点，这可以帮助你们今年的市场份额翻一番”。接着你就可以开始说了，最 后再总结和重复你的主要观点，结尾时的总结要富有力量和激发性。冗长、复杂的报告看起来很尖端，但往往引不起听众的兴趣，说完了也没什么可以记住的。优秀 的报告会向听众呈现清晰的观点，而这往往富有启发性，富有力量，同时容易让人记住。
原文：Six Ways to Transform your Presentation – Lifehack.org
译者：何 可人（译言）
译文：外国人中国历险指南
作者：Chris Biddle
发表时间：2010.5.10
译者：@messiahxu
校 对：Jingqiang
Bring your own deodorant. Bring your own coffee. Get used to the smell of urine. Smile, a lot. Learn how to say where your from. Understand that it’s not rude if someone asks how much money you make. Listen to music. Read. Be patient. Don’t drink tap water. Try everything at least once, especially the stuff that grosses you out, it will make for a better story. Get out there and do stuff, try not to use the train of thought “Well, I deserve this,” too often. If you’re a man, carry a pack of cigarettes with you and offer them to any man you meet. They will most likely not take one, even if they do smoke, but they will appreciate the sentiment.
带上除臭剂，带上你喜欢 的咖啡，尽量习惯尿的味道。保持微笑，学会如何回答你从哪里来的问题，明白人们打听你收入的行为并非无礼。听音乐，阅读，对万事保持耐心，不要喝自来水。 对任何事都至少要试一次，尤其是那些让你不爽的，它们绝对会让你觉得此行不虚。不管是出门还是做事，不要总是有“这是我应得的”这样的念头。如果你是男 的，最好随身带烟，并且不论见到谁都要给一根，他们即使会抽也多半不会要你的烟，不过绝对会领你的情。
Try not to think in terms of right or wrong, rude or polite, dirty or clean. Ask as many questions as you can. Don’t talk about politics. Eat lots of noodles. Eat lots of fruit, but always clean them before hand. Don’t be shy. Go to karaoke. Don’t talk about Japan. If you like basketball play a pick up game with some strangers. Despite the fact that they don’t, look both ways before crossing the street. Bring your own ear plugs. Bring your own dental floss. Never pay full price. Don’t expect to get laid. Don’t do anything that could land you in jail. Find out what can and can’t land you in jail, you’ll be surprised.
不要以为事情不是对就是错，不是粗鲁就是客气，不是肮脏就是清白。有问题就尽管问，但是莫谈国是。多吃面条、多吃水 果，不过吃之前最好洗干净。要外向，去KTV，不要说日本的好话。如果你喜欢打篮球，尽管去和陌生人斗牛吧，或许中国人不会注意，但你过马路时要记得注意 安全。带上防噪音耳塞，带上牙线，买东西永远要记得砍价。不要期待艳遇，不要做任何可能被喝茶的事。如果你有兴趣，可以研究一下究竟做什么会被抓，你一定 会叹为观止。
Don’t freak out when someone invades your personal space. Try not to eat Western food, it’s expensive and often times unsatisfying. Visit the Great Wall, the Terra Cotta Warriors, the Summer Palace, but don’t linger. Get off the beaten path. Get lost. Take your time. Man zou. Walk slowly. Learn how to use chopsticks. Buy or rent a bike. Weaving in and out of traffic, dodging taxis and donkey pulled carts, and ringing your bell at pedestrians in your way will make you feel like you’re one of them. Don’t go in the water. Get used to sleeping on a rock hard bed.
如果有人闯入你的私人空间，不要惊 慌。不要吃西餐，他们价格高昂而且绝对无法让人满意。去看看长城、兵马俑，还有颐和园，不过不要在那磨蹭，果断的从大路上消失，然后慢慢享受你的午后阳 光。学会用筷子，买或者租辆自行车，在马路上穿行，避开的士和驴拉车（误），然后在行人中间按响铃铛，这会让你觉得你已经完全和他们融为一体。不要下水。 要习惯睡板床。
Try not to reserve “thank you” for times when people really do help you, and try to reserve “I’m sorry,” for times when you’ve truly inconvenienced someone. It will only make them laugh if you over use it. If you learn to read any characters, learn foods first. Don’t worry about table manors. Talk with your mouth full of food. Burp. Slurp your tea as loud as you can. Go to a teahouse and try as many different kinds as you want.
即使别人真帮了你大忙也尽量别说“谢谢，而如果你确实 给别人添了麻烦记得要说“不好意思”，否则你只会被人取笑。 如果想学中文，先从食物开始。不要在乎餐桌礼仪，嘴里塞满食物时尽可以说话、打嗝。喝茶时啜饮的声音越大越好，最好能去茶社尝遍所有的茶品。
You’ll want to buy a lot of crap, but by the end of your journey you’ll realize that most of it just that, crap. Reserve days for doing nothing. Make lots of jokes. Don’t sleep in too often, Chinese people are early risers and you might miss a lot of the action. Don’t go to many temples. You’ve seen one, you’ve seen them all.
你会想要买一大堆纪念品， 但最后你会意识到这些真的只是垃圾而已。安排一些没有安排的日子，多开开玩笑。不要总是睡过头，中国人都习惯早起，否则你会错过很多好戏。不要每个寺庙都 去，它们全都一模一样，去一个就够了。
Keep your eyes open. Don’t get discouraged. It will be hard, but try not to think about home. Remind yourself that every day you’ve somehow ended up on the other side of the world, in the oldest civilization in the world. Ask yourself unanswerable questions and find satisfaction in this. Go fly a kite. It’s not just for kids.
本 文版权为原出版公司及作者所有。©译者遵守CC协议2.5您可以自由复制、发行、展览、表演、放映、广播或通过信息网络 传播，创作演绎本作品。惟须遵守下列条件：署名，非商业性使用，相同方式共享。
《法制晚报》报道，北京的微软公司最近流传着一个故事：微软公司大中华区副总裁、微软（中国）开发合作部总经理柏尚杰，辞掉百万年薪的工作，带着妻子与 两个女儿搬到贵州省，开办了一所盲校。
柏尚杰说：“我爱微软，也爱中国的盲人事业。”报道说，有一次，柏尚杰和两个女儿到北京一所盲校 参观，100多名学生围过来，爭先恐后对他说仅会的一句英文“Hello”。他和女儿也伸出双手，一个一个地和他们握手问好。
柏尚杰透 露：“那时候，我就暗下决心，要创办一所专为盲人服务的高等教育学院。”
他表示，失明儿童渴望与人交流、渴望得到美好生活的愿望，让他 感动和心疼。
机会最后终于来临，报道说，柏尚杰所在的基金会同意支持他在贵州创办一所盲人学院，专为当地及附近地区的视障者提供高层次 的职业技能培训及完整的学历教育，而且完全免费。
柏尚杰將担任副校长兼电脑和英语科教授，他的妻子安妮则出任学校的体育部长。
上月从贵阳考察校址回来后，柏尚杰就给微软的所有同事发了辞职信。他说：“他们都感到很惊讶，但都很支持我，说很棒。”
柏尚杰近日将 带著妻子和两个10多岁的女儿，搬到学校所在的贵州惠水县白鸟河村，开始全新的生活。
这所盲校将在今年秋季开学。
On my phone (Android based) I use Google maps like crazy (I’d get lost in my own house I’m convinced). It keeps me from getting lost and misdirected. When at home, however, I like to refer to Google Earth to aid me in my quest to know my surroundings a bit better. Now, Google Earth is nothing new. It’s been around for a while and in use by millions. But many people don’t know that Google Earth has a Linux client that can be installed on just about any Linux distribution (so long as it meets the minimum requirements).
In this article I will walk you through the installation of Google Earth for your Linux machine. Once complete, you’ll be zooming around the globe with ease.
Minimum requirements
As always, you should check to make sure your machine meets (or exceeds preferably) the minimum requirements for installation. The minimum requirements are:
The recommended requirements are:
If your machine meets these, let’s move on.
Installation
You will need to download the binary installation file from the Google Earth download page. Once you have that on your hard drive (let’s assume it was downloaded to ~/Downloads) it’s time to get to work. The first steps are:
NOTE: If you are not on a machine that uses sudo then remove sudo from the command in line four above and, instead, su to the root user for installation.
Figure 1
After you issue the command for installation the GUI install window will appear (see Figure 1). In this window you need to configure the
Install path: This is where you want the package to be installed.
Symbolic link: Do you want to create a global executable in /usr/local/bin (You want to do this, otherwise the executable for the application will not be global).
Binary path: Where do you want the symbolic link to be placed.
The defaults, in most cases, should work fine, so click the Begin Install button which will start the installation. The installation should only take a few seconds and you will be ready to go. Upon completion of installation the installer will allow you to start the program by clicking the Start button. If you don’t want to run it then you can always use the command googleearth to start Google Earth.
Final thoughts
In my experience Google Earth on Linux runs as well as it does on any other platform. And, as you can see, the installation is nearly as simple. Do enjoy your Google Earth experience.
Below is the alphabetized list of current, future, and past satellites tracked by SLR and their different identification schemes, bin size and basic orbit information. Click on the satellite name hyperlink for additional information about the satellite mission within the ILRS Web site (e.g., mission objectives, images, identification numbers, mission parameters, ILRS tracking status, etc.).
| Satellite Name | Satellite ID | SIC Code | NORAD Number | NP Indicator | Bin Size (Seconds) | Altitude (Km) | Inclination (deg) | First Data Date |
| Ajisai | 8606101 | 1500 | 16908 | 5 | 30 | 1485 | 50 | 13-Aug-1986 |
| ANDE Castor | 0903806 | 1073 | 35694 | 1 | 5 | 350 | 51.6 | 04-Aug-2009 |
| Apollo11 Sea of Tranquility | 0000100 | N/A | N/A | 2 | variable | 356,400 | 5 | 20-Aug-1969 |
| Apollo14 Fra Mauro | 0000102 | N/A | N/A | 2 | variable | 356,400 | 5 | 07-Feb-1971 |
| Apollo15 Hadley Rille | 0000103 | N/A | N/A | 2 | variable | 356,400 | 5 | 01-Sep-1971 |
| Beacon-C | 6503201 | 317 | 1328 | 3 | 15 | 927 | 41 | 02-Jan-1976 |
| BLITS | 0904907 | 5558 | 35871 | 5 | 30 | 832 | 98.77 | 24-Sep-2009 |
| CHAMP | 0003902 | 8002 | 26405 | 1 | 5 | 474 | 87 | 01-Jan-2000 |
| Cryosat-2 | 1001301 | 8006 | 36508 | 3 | 15 | 720 | 92 | 20-Apr-2010 |
| COMPASS-M1 | 0701101 | 2001 | 31115 | 9 | 300 | 21,500 | 55.5 | 04-Dec-2008 |
| Envisat | 0200901 | 6179 | 27386 | 3 | 15 | 800 | 98 | 10-Apr-2002 |
| ERS-2 | 9502101 | 6178 | 23560 | 3 | 15 | 800 | 99 | 24-Apr-1995 |
| Etalon-1 | 8900103 | 0525 | 19751 | 9 | 300 | 19,105 | 65 | 26-Jan-1989 |
| Etalon-2 | 8903903 | 4146 | 20026 | 9 | 300 | 19,135 | 65 | 13-Jul-1989 |
| ETS-8 | 0605901 | 1579 | 29656 | 9 | 300 | 36,000 | 0 | 10-Mar-2007 |
| GIOVE-A | 0505101 | 7001 | 28922 | 9 | 300 | 23,916 | 56 | 03-Apr-2009 |
| GIOVE-B | 0802001 | 7002 | 32781 | 9 | 300 | 23,916 | 56 | 26-Apr-2008 |
| GLONASS-102 | 0606201 | 9102 | 29670 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 04-May-2007 |
| GLONASS-115 | 0806702 | 9115 | 33467 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 03-Apr-2009 |
| GLONASS-120 | 1000703 | 9120 | 36402 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 12-Apr-2010 |
| 0901301 | 0499 | 34602 | 1 | 5 | 295 | 96.7 | 01-Apr-2009 | |
| GPS-35 | 9305401 | 3535 | 22779 | 9 | 300 | 20,195 | 54 | 18-Oct-1993 |
| GPS-36 | 9401601 | 3636 | 23027 | 9 | 300 | 20,030 | 55 | 21-Apr-1994 |
| GRACE-A | 0201201 | 8003 | 27391 | 1 | 5 | 485-500 | 89 | 18-Mar-2002 |
| GRACE-B | 0201202 | 8004 | 27392 | 1 | 5 | 485-500 | 89 | 18-Mar-2002 |
| ICESat | 0300201 | 8201 | 27642 | 1 | 5 | 600 | 94 | 05-Mar-2003 |
| Jason-1 | 0105501 | 4378 | 26997 | 3 | 15 | 1336 | 66 | 01-Jan-2003 |
| Jason-2 | 0803201 | 1025 | 33105 | 3 | 15 | 1336 | 66 | 24-Jun-2008 |
| LAGEOS-1 | 7603901 | 1155 | 8820 | 7 | 120 | 5850 | 110 | 10-May-1976 |
| LAGEOS-2 | 9207002 | 5986 | 22195 | 7 | 120 | 5625 | 53 | 24-Oct-1992 |
| Larets | 0304206 | 5557 | 27944 | 5 | 30 | 691 | 98.204 | 04-Nov-2003 |
| LRO-LR | 0903101 | 0059 | 35315 | 1 | 5 | ~50 km (lunar) | ~90 (wrt lunar equator) | 30-Jun-2009 |
| Luna17 Sea of Rains | 0000101 | N/A | N/A | 2 | variable | 356,400 | 5 | 21-May-1975 |
| Luna21 Sea of Serenity | 0000104 | N/A | N/A | 2 | variable | 356,400 | 5 | 16-Nov-1973 |
| Starlette | 7501001 | 1134 | 7646 | 5 | 30 | 815 | 50 | 03-Jan-1976 |
| Stella | 9306102 | 0643 | 22824 | 5 | 30 | 815 | 99 | 30-Sep-1993 |
| TerraSAR-X | 0702601 | 6201 | 31698 | 1 | 5 | 514 | 97.44 | 16-Jun-2007 |
| Satellite Name | Sponsor | Exp. Life Time | Purpose | Launch Date |
Approved by ILRS for Future SLR Tracking | ||||
| GIOVE-A2 | ESA, EU | 25 yrs | Positioning, navigation, timing, geodesy | 2008 |
| KOMPSAT-5 | KARI, Korea | Earth observation | 2009/2010 | |
| NPOESS | NOAA, NASA, DoD | 7 yrs | Sea surface height | 2013 |
| QZS-1 | JAXA | Position, navigation, timing | Late 2010 | |
| RadioAstron | Lavochkin Association, Russia | Interferometry | Dec-2009 | |
| SARAL | CNES, ISRO | 5 yrs | Altimetry, water surfaces | End 2010 |
| STSAT-2B | KARI, Korea | 2 yrs | Atmosphere and Earth radiation | May-2010 |
| TanDEM-X | DLR, GFZ, EADS-Astrium, InfoTerra | Remote sensing | 2009 | |
Future Satellites with Retroreflectors | ||||
| Astro-G | JAXA | Space VLBI | 2012 | |
| Galileo (30 satellites) | ESA, EU | Positioning, navigation, timing, geodesy | 2009 | |
| GPS-III (n=??) | DoD, DoT | Positioning, navigation, timing, geodesy | ||
| HY2A | CNES, CNSA | Earth observation | Jun-2010 | |
| HY2B | CNES, CNSA | Earth observation | 2012 | |
| HY2C | CNES, CNSA | Earth observation | 2015 | |
| HY2D | CNES, CNSA | Earth observation | 2019 | |
| IRS-P5 (CARTOSAT-1) | ISRO | 5 yrs | Earth observation | May-2005 |
| Jason-3 | NASA, CNES, Eumetsat, NOAA | 5 yrs | Oceanography, climate change | |
| LAGEOS-3 | USNA, NASA | Lense-Thirring, geodesy | 2011 | |
| LARES | ASI, ESA | Relativity | ||
| Sentinel-3 | ESA (GMES) | Oceanography | Nov-2012 | |
| SWARM (3) | ESA, CNES | Earth's magnetic field | 2010 | |
| SWOT | NASA, CNES | SAR altimeter | 2016 | |
| Satellite Name | Satellite ID | SIC Code | NORAD Number | NP Indicator | Bin Size (Seconds) | Altitude (Km) | Inclination (deg) | First Data Date | Last Data Date |
| ADEOS-1 | 9604601 | 1555 | 24277 | 5 | 30 | 815 | 99 | 15-Oct-1996 | 18-Aug-1997 |
| ADEOS-2 | 0205601 | 1556 | 27597 | 3 | 15 | 803 | 98.62 | 14-Dec-2002 | 22-Jan-2003 |
| ALOS | 0600201 | 1557 | 28931 | 3 | 15 | 720 | 98 | 14-Aug-2006 | 31-Aug-2006 |
| ANDE Pollux | 0903805 | 1074 | 35693 | 1 | 5 | 350 | 51.6 | 04-Aug-2009 | 16-Mar-2010 |
| ANDE-RR Active | 0605506 | 1071 | 29664 | 1 | 5 | 400 | 51.6 | 12-Jan-2007 | 07-Dec-2007 |
| ANDE-RR Passive | 0605510 | 1072 | 29667 | 1 | 5 | 400 | 51.6 | 12-Jan-2007 | 15-May-2008 |
| ATEx | 9805503 | 25615 | 5 | 30 | 787 | 85 | |||
| Cryosat-1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3 | 15 | 720 | 92 | ||
| DIADEME-1C | 6701101 | 6703 | 2674 | 3 | 15 | 545 | 40 | 21-Apr-1997 | 02-Nov-1997 |
| DIADEME-1D | 6701401 | 6704 | 2680 | 3 | 15 | 585 | 40 | 22-Apr-1997 | 22-Apr-1997 |
| ERS-1 | 9105001 | 6177 | 21574 | 3 | 15 | 780 | 99 | 17-Jul-1991 | 16-Mar-2000 |
| GEOS-3 | 7502701 | 1127 | 7734 | 5 | 30 | 841 | 115 | 15-Oct-1998 | 13-May-1999 |
| GFO-1 | 9800701 | 8501 | 25157 | 3 (5) | 15 (30) | 800 | 108 | 22-Apr-1998 | 07-Nov-2008 |
| GFZ-1 | 8601795 | 8001 | 23558 | 1 | 5 | 385 | 52 | 19-Apr-1995 | 08-Jun-1999 |
| GLONASS-40 | 8900101 | 6666 | 19749 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 13-Mar-1993 | 02-May-1993 |
| GLONASS-41 | 8900102 | 7777 | 19750 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 06-Mar-1993 | 06-Mar-1993 |
| GLONASS-44 | 9004501 | 1111 | 20619 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 04-Apr-1993 | 22-Dec-1993 |
| GLONASS-47 | 9011001 | 2222 | 21006 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 21-Mar-1993 | 07-Dec-1993 |
| GLONASS-49 | 9011003 | 9049 | 21008 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 28-Dec-1994 | 29-Dec-1994 |
| GLONASS-50 | 9102501 | 3333 | 21216 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-53 | 9200501 | 4444 | 21853 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 21-Mar-1993 | 01-May-1993 |
| GLONASS-56 | 9204701 | 9056 | 22056 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 18-Jan-1993 | 11-Nov-1994 |
| GLONASS-57 | 9204702 | 9057 | 22057 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 25-Oct-1994 | 24-Jan-1997 |
| GLONASS-62 | 9402101 | 9062 | 23043 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 09-Sep-1998 | 02-Jul-1999 |
| GLONASS-63 | 9402102 | 9063 | 23044 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 19-Jul-1995 | 06-Oct-1997 |
| GLONASS-64 | 9402103 | 9064 | 23045 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 22-Sep-1998 | 03-Mar-1999 |
| GLONASS-65 | 9405001 | 9065 | 23203 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 26-Jun-1996 | 23-Feb-1999 |
| GLONASS-66 | 9405002 | 9066 | 23204 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 25-Oct-1994 | 14-Aug-2000 |
| GLONASS-67 | 9405003 | 9067 | 23205 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 20-Jul-1995 | 28-Aug-1999 |
| GLONASS-68 | 9407601 | 9068 | 23396 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 30-Sep-1998 | 20-Jul-1999 |
| GLONASS-69 | 9407602 | 9069 | 23397 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 15-Sep-1998 | 23-Oct-1999 |
| GLONASS-70 | 9407603 | 9070 | 23398 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 14-Sep-1998 | 14-Sep-1999 |
| GLONASS-71 | 9500901 | 9071 | 23511 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 30-Sep-1997 | 03-Oct-2000 |
| GLONASS-72 | 9500902 | 9072 | 23512 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 11-Sep-1998 | 28-Nov-2000 |
| GLONASS-74 | 9503701 | 9073 | 23513 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 22-Sep-1998 | 30-Nov-1998 |
| GLONASS-75 | 9503702 | 9075 | 23621 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 26-Sep-1998 | 01-Mar-2001 |
| GLONASS-76 | 9503703 | 9076 | 23622 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 18-Sep-1998 | 09-Feb-2001 |
| GLONASS-77 | 9506801 | 9077 | 23734 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 16-Sep-1998 | 02-Mar-2001 |
| GLONASS-78 | 9506802 | 9078 | 23735 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 23-Dec-1999 | 07-Jan-2002 |
| GLONASS-79 | 9506803 | 9079 | 23736 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 22-Sep-1998 | 14-Aug-2000 |
| GLONASS-80 | 9807701 | 9080 | 25593 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 12-Mar-1999 | 25-Feb-2002 |
| GLONASS-81 | 9807702 | 9081 | 25594 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 05-Mar-1999 | 02-Mar-2001 |
| GLONASS-82 | 9807703 | 9082 | 25595 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 05-Mar-1999 | 27-Feb-2001 |
| GLONASS-84 | 0006302 | 9084 | 26565 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 20-Dec-2000 | 13-Sep-2005 |
| GLONASS-86 | 0105303 | 9086 | 26989 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 22-Feb-2002 | |
| GLONASS-87 | 0105302 | 9087 | 26988 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 21-Feb-2002 | |
| GLONASS-88 | 0105301 | 9088 | 26987 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 07-Feb-2002 | 26-Jul-2005 |
| GLONASS-89 | 0206001 | 9089 | 27617 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 21-Mar-2003 | 19-Apr-2007 |
| GLONASS-90 | 0206003 | 9090 | 27619 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-91 | 0206002 | 9091 | 27618 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-92 | 0305601 | 9092 | 28112 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-93 | 0305602 | 9093 | 28113 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-94 | 0305603 | 9094 | 28114 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-95 | 0405302 | 9095 | 28509 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 26-Aug-2005 | |
| GLONASS-96 | 0405303 | 9096 | 28510 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-97 | 0405301 | 9097 | 28508 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-98 | 0505003 | 9098 | 28917 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-99 | 0505002 | 9099 | 28916 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | 13-Jan-2007 | |
| GLONASS-101 | 0606203 | 9101 | 29672 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-103 | 0606202 | 9103 | 29671 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-104 | 0705203 | 9104 | 32277 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-105 | 0705202 | 9105 | 32276 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-106 | 0705201 | 9106 | 32275 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-107 | 0706501 | 9107 | 32393 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-108 | 0706502 | 9108 | 32394 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-109 | 0706503 | 9109 | 32395 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-110 | 0804601 | 9110 | 34378 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-111 | 0804602 | 9111 | 33379 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-112 | 0804603 | 9112 | 33380 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-113 | 0806701 | 9113 | 33466 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-114 | 0806703 | 9114 | 33468 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-116 | 0907001 | 9116 | 36111 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-117 | 0907002 | 9117 | 36112 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-118 | 0907003 | 9118 | 36113 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-119 | 1000701 | 9119 | 36400 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| GLONASS-121 | 1000702 | 9121 | 36401 | 9 | 300 | 19,140 | 65 | ||
| Gravity Probe B | 0401401 | 8603 | 28230 | 3 | 15 | 650 | 90 | 07-Jul-2004 | 05-Jun-2006 |
| Meteor-2-21/FIZEAU | 9305501 | 5050 | 22782 | 3 | 15 | 950 | 83 | 12-Mar-1994 | 16-Oct-1998 |
| LRE | 0103801 | 1577 | 26898 | 3 | 15 | 250-36,000 | 28 | 17-Dec-2001 | 28-Mar-2002 |
| Meteor-3-6/PRARE | 9400301 | 0307 | 22969 | 5 | 30 | 1200 | 83 | 25-Jan-1994 | 11-Nov-1995 |
| Meteosat P2/LASSO | 8805101 | 8787 | 19215 | 9 | 300 | 36,723 | 7.50 | ||
| Meteor-3M | 0105601 | 5555 | 27001 | 5 | 30 | 1000 | 99.64 | 19-Dec-2001 | 03-Mar-2006 |
| MicroSCOPE | |||||||||
| MSTI-2 | 9402801 | 9009 | 23101 | 3 | 15 | 432 | 97 | 01-Jun-1994 | 10-Oct-1994 |
| OICETS | 0503101 | 1578 | 28809 | 5 | 30 | 610 | 97.83 | 18-Apr-2006 | 06-Jun-2006 |
| Reflector | 0105605 | 5556 | 27005 | 5 | 30 | 1018 | 99.64 | 21-Dec-2001 | 04-Aug-2004 |
| PROBA-2 | 0905902 | 8005 | 36037 | 3 | 15 | 757 | 98.445 | 16-Mar-2010 | 06-Apr-2010 |
| RESURS-01-3 | 9407401 | 1333 | 23342 | 3 | 15 | 675 | 98 | 25-Dec-1995 | 14-Oct-1998 |
| Seasat | 7806401 | ?? | 10967 | N/A | N/A | 805 | 108 | ||
| SOHLA-1 | 0900205 | 1580 | 33496 | 1 | 5 | 666 | 98.06 | 23-Jan-2009 | 26-Mar-2009 |
| STARSHINE | 0104301 | 4903 | 26929 | 1 | 5 | 470 | 67 | 03-Oct-2001 | 01-Jun-2003 |
| STSAT-2A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 3 | 15 | 300-1500 | 80 | ||
| SUNSAT | 9900803 | 2301 | 25636 | 3 | 15 | 400 | 93 | 07-May-1999 | 09-May-2001 |
| TiPS | 9602901 | 6000 | 5 | 30 | 1025 | 63 | 21-Jun-1996 | 15-Oct-1997 | |
| TiPS-Norton | 9602902 | 6001 | 23937 | 5 | 30 | 1025 | 63 | 21-Jun-1996 | 15-Oct-1997 |
| TIPS-Ralph | 9602903 | 6002 | 23936 | 5 | 30 | 1025 | 63 | 21-Jun-1996 | 15-Oct-1997 |
| TOPEX/Poseidon | 9205201 | 4377 | 22076 | 3 | 15 | 1350 | 66 | 01-Jan-1992 | 15-Dec-2005 |
| VCL | |||||||||
| WESTPAC | 9804301 | 8801 | 25394 | 3 | 15 | 835 | 98 | 23-Jul-1998 | 12-Jan-2002 |
| Zeya | 9701001 | 8888 | 24744 | 1 | 5 | 471 | 97 | 29-Mar-1997 | 29-Jul-1997 |
Responsible Government Official: Carey Noll
NASA's Privacy Policy and Important Notices
Send us your comments
Slashdot
Technorati
Twitter